Among worms, there are a large number of (more than 260) parasitic forms that belong to the subtypes of flat and round worms.Parasite worms have long been known in units of worms, and in this regard, the branch of parasitology that studies them is called Helminthology.With the word “worm”, the word “worm” descends from the Latin root, overlaps the meaning, meaning “slippery.”
The representative of parasitic disease pathogens belongs to the animal kingdom.They are parasitized in other organisms (plants, mushrooms, animals), so science has caused parasitology in all studies of parasitology.This is a general parasitology from which the helm has been distinguished, namely the science of studying diseases caused by parasites.
In order to develop parasite worms, the owner must be required, i.e., its body is a constant or temporary habitat for the parasite and is also a source of its nutrition.The owner of the parasite is divided into the middle (where the worm passes through the larval stage), the last parasite (where only in it, only in it, Helmint becomes mature, invading).
It is not a person's organization, nor is it the possibility that a person's organization is immune to invasion by one worm or another, but this is when the parasite is already in the human body.
Others are equally importantHelminest Features,Right now:
- For example, in such an ancient worm, as an assworm, it is necessary to consider its anti-enzyme effects - anti-protease and anti-protease, which violates the digestive process.Volatile substances contained in internal fluids can cause various toxic allergic reactions: urticaria, bronchospasm and convulsions, tears and headaches;
- development stage (egg, larvae, owner change);
- Sexual reproduction undergoes an exchange of genetic information, which is the highest stage of development, leading to an increase in heterogeneous populations, that is, they become less fragile and affected and more difficult to “attain”.
- The duration of individual life is large (years, sometimes as many as the owners of parasites, which means a chronic course in Helmincias);
- The ability to suppress or modify the host's immune response, i.e., a state of functional immune function will sooner or later be produced, is very unpopular, because the penetration conditions of almost any affluent pathogen can be produced, and often will, often as it is usually usually, usually usually, and often happens.Usually), and usually) "Draza" is bound by the advanced immune system;
- The presence of one or the other worm of the immune response is weak and unstable, and there is actually no way to prevent it.
- The widest distribution, many habitats (water, soil, air, plants, etc.);
- The ability of the egg to last for a long time in the external environment (year).
These characteristics allow one or another to survive in seemingly “inhuman conditions.”
The incidence of worms in the world is extremely high: Of the nearly 6 billion people living on Earth now, 4 billion are hit by one type of worm disease or another, and given that many are the “vectors” of several parasites at a time, this picture will become even more impressive.
Body reaction
A person with a strong compensatory adaptive response, the immune system, various nonspecific protective barriers and is affected by worms, although sometimes nearly asymptomatic helminthiasis processes are found, they cannot react to their existence.But this is extremely rare and it is usually possible to identify the following:
- Various toxic allergic reactions, usually the skin.Furthermore, if the cause of this reaction is still unfortunate and clinical manifestations occur, then first, a thorough examination of the presence of a helmsman invasion must be made;
- Neuropsychiatric disorders.They are caused by worm invasion, where toxic substances keep entering the bloodstream, maintaining a certain level of toxins, leading to irritability, emotional instability, "unmotivated" anger, loss of concentration, perseverance, rapid fatigue, rapid fatigue and sleep disorders.The growing general weakness is the characteristics.A patient, athlete, complained that he “had no strength to shake hands at a meeting”;
- Indigestion syndrome: Diversity, from brief to manifesting symptoms, including discomfort or abdominal pain, usually rare positioning and intensity, rumble and bloating, and the feeling of abdominal outburst; changes in appetite such as feeding direction (one of the reasons why doctors are unreasonable is "good appetite, which means I'm healthy"), appetite drops dramatically until anorexia; this is a fecal disease from constipation to diarrhea.This is the development of multi-factor deep malnutrition.
- Many worms feed on the owner's blood, are blood phages that absorb vitamin B12 and disrupt the process of absorbing anti-enhancing agent substances in the small intestine, damaging the intestinal mucosa often and superficially, but on a large area.All of this leads to chronic blood loss, which in some cases leads to the development of anemia (anemia).Here, it is necessary to consider the inhibitory effect of toxins on hematopoietic organs, which is also important in the development of anemia.Using helminthiasis, increased eosinophil content is often detected (leukocyte cells are actively involved in allergic reactions);
- Due to the development of anemia, especially in children, the presence of worm invasion may lead to slow growth and underdevelopment of the body, and may even increase appetite.
- In children, various post-vaccination toxicity reactions are often observed during planned vaccination.
- Worms often cause the aggravation of chronic disease, and the location of the worm and the position of the body of interest may be completely different in the body.
- Sometimes, usually, this is not very frequent, and perhaps the principle triggered here is that "no parasite is a victim of destroying its ultimate victim, otherwise it will not be parasitic, lost and sheltered and food overnight," but, despite this, does not match the life of the owner.For example, echinococci disease in the liver, kidney disease in the brain.It should be noted that even the pathogenicity of worms fluctuates widely depending on the object of the parasite.For example, echinocok is extremely dangerous for a person, the cows are safe for many years, and the einococcal foam that sprouts from organs reaches several kilograms.
Characteristics of parasites
Worms in the human body do not reproduce except for species like cutter dwarf tapeen.Helmint enters the body in the form of eggs or larvae.Direct infection with worms did not occur except those who are cantigyes (themocepidosis, Intorobiasis).
Infection of other worms occurs through soil (dirty hands - intestinal - carworm disease) or skin contacting soil (spanspinous spondylosis) or water (schistosomiasis) or when eating (Shadowarnichisois, Diphylllobobobisis).
In the body, various organs and tissues in worms live: in the intestine - assworms, pinworms, tapworms, tapes; in the liver - Echinococci, Opistorchi; in the muscles - Trichinella; in the lungs - Paragon's disease, in the blood - Phyllis, Schistosoma.
Olistorchus Filineus' Foil
Human or animal infection occurs when eating raw or dried fish: YA, cockroach, Bream.Binucleons are parasitic in the liver and intestines of a person, dog, cat.The changes in the liver are characterized by jaundice, hepatitis, gallstone formation, and cirrhosis.For prevention, it is not recommended to eat raw or frozen fish.
Palagons Westmani
These double-holes form cysts on the smallest bronchus live in pairs.The owner is a man, a cat, a dog, a pig.
Infection occurs when eating affects raw crabs or crayfish.Binucleons penetrate into the abdominal cavity and then enter the lungs through the diaphragm.The clinic is characterized by a stubborn cough, especially in the morning, where the sputum rust color may be accompanied by a blood mixture.When the egg or parasite itself transfers, the liver, spleen, and brain are affected.The brain damage in the clinic depends on the location of the parasite (convulsion syndrome, paralysis, seizures).
For preventive purposes, raw crabs and crayfish are not recommended.
Another category includes flat worms – these are tape worms, which are then divided into tape and chain units.
Tape worms in overlapping states are residents of intestinal vertebrates.
In addition to similar characteristics inherent in ribbon worms, there are also significant differences between tape and tapeworms.This is especially important in diagnostic planning when it is necessary to identify parasites.
In the ribbon, helmint-releases broadband (difilobotrium latum), resulting in a disease called diphospholipid.Bandwidth - A huge worm with a length of 15 m.It is a slaughtering parasite and lives in the small intestines of a person, dog, and cat.
A person infects a person when he eats underfried or salted fish (river - ruff, bass, unbert; lake - trout, grey).Infection usually occurs through fresh, so lively parka caviar.Some lovers squeeze caviar directly from the abdomen into the mouth, and the larvae can work, causing infection.
In the clinical situation of the second straight body, indigestion diseases prevail: unstable positioning, rumble, nausea, sometimes vomiting, appetite changes, discomfort and pain of unstable stool.It usually develops, especially during prolonged disease, anemia (anemia).With the help of dicytosis, one of the main causes of anemia is vitamin B12 deficiency.
Helmint took away vitamin B12 and other nutrients, eagerly sucking them with the entire surface of the body, like a locked key, which approaches the joint boundary of the intestine, thereby increasing the suction surface.As anemia develops, the number of red blood cells decreases and degenerate forms appear, including large and giant cells.This suggests that changes will still occur through the potential invasion process, which in the future will lead to pale face, skin, sharp weakness, tachycardia pernicious anemia.
To diagnose secondary orthopaedic animals, the clinical condition of the disease does not always allow for a correct diagnosis, so here, the combination lens method is very important, which allows you to detect broadband eggs in the feces, which are released into the external environment 3 weeks after infection.
The egg comes out with the dog's feces and sticks to her wool.If you stroke an infected dog, you can list them as a person's mouth, swallow, and then use unwashed hands to get the food.The same thing happens with dog kisses.In northern countries where dogs are the closest domestic animals to humans, spunculosis is common.
The clinic for echinococcosis is characterized by pain in the lower right cartilage, where tumor formation is determined with a smooth circular surface and is replaced with the liver when breathing.As a complication of the disease, there may be suppuration of the cyst or cyst, breakthroughs in the bile pathway, accompanied by severe pain, jaundice, and in advanced cases of the liver, multiple abscesses can form, leading to death.
As single cysts of echinococcosis in the lung prevail, they are more often located in the lower share of the right lung.In the initial stage, this disease is often diagnosed by accidental X-rays of the chest.As time goes by, cough, wheeze, and chest pain appear.It is worth noting that spinous process cysts in the lungs are usually not as slow as those in malignant tumors.In the diagnosis of echinococci disease, the methods selected are: radiology, ultrasound research, tomography, scanning, laparoscopy, and serological methods.
For prevention, it is necessary to strictly observe personal hygiene rules when keeping dogs and caring for them.After contacting the dog, be sure to wash your hands; avoid the dog to go to one person's food and his dishes; limit direct contact between children and dogs.The wandering dog is everywhere.
Health education for the population is crucial.
Dwarf chain-Hymenolepis Nana
The disease it causes is called lipocosity.The dwarf's tap is negligible in terms of broadband size and can only reach a length of 1-4 cm.
It is worth noting that the development of dwarf tapeworms occurs in an owner, where the larval stage passes from the beginning and then becomes sexual maturity.Therefore, in this case, a person is both an intermediate master and a final master.
The main habitat of tapeworms is the ileum, which usually parasitizes many people (around a thousand and a half copies are found in patients).
In clinical cases, abdominal pain, weight loss, unstable feces, neuropsychiatric disorders (insomnia, convulsions, seizures) prevail.
When confirming that the eggs of dwarf tapeworms in the feces are confirmed, the diagnosis can be confirmed, and the release of the eggs is usually discontinuous, so in the case of negative results, it is recommended to conduct 2-3 studies per month.
Prevention: The dwarf smell is mainly parasitic in children, so it is necessary to check all children and employees for the presence of this worm invasion in the childhood institution where patients are found.This also applies to family members.
A wide range of non-symptomatic properties is worm invasion like germ disease
Causal agents are human roundworms.The name of ascar in ancient Russia was string.The symbolic folk language with this name, descending from the word "string", accurately represents the flexibility and flexibility of Helminth's body.When eating vegetables and berries with poor vegetables and berries, infected with fruits, sometimes drinking water from open reservoirs, human infection occurs. At that time, there are invasive eggs with soil particles, and sometimes infected with soil particles.
Askarides are associated with “restless” worms, whose activity and mobility are common causes of atypical localization.They can be introduced into the appendix, resulting in the development of acute appendicitis; with fever, hepatic colic, abscess, jaundice, develop into the ducts of the liver and pancreas in advanced cases to rupture of the liver; Trachey can reach the upper respiratory tract, causing asphyxiation of the nasal passages and even the Eustachian duct.Even in the presence of a single parasite, intestinal obstruction caused by assaride's tubes or intestinal reflex spasms will not be ruled out.
The diagnosis was confirmed by the presence of eggs in the feces, but it must be remembered that in the presence of immature or old females in the intestine and in 3.5% of the males, in the presence of immature or old females in the intestine, there were no scaroid eggs in the intestine movement.Prevention: Vegetables and fruits before consumption should be thoroughly washed and scalded with boiling water. It is not recommended to drink non-drinking water.
Another type of nematode disease is enterovirus.The disease is caused by a mottled cutter.
In addition to severe skin itching in the hairy area, irritation and combs can also lead to polymorphic dermatitis.Perhaps it is the penetration of pinworms and larvae into the urogenital path, the female vagina.Functional changes in the intestinal tract are characterized by pain in the right breast area, diarrhea, decreased appetite, as well as neurological diseases, headaches, poor sleep, irritability, and decreased performance.
In order to diagnose gastrointestinal diseases, patients themselves often notice that the release of pinworms is important.Pinages in the intestines do not lay eggs, so they are extremely rare in defecation.The main diagnostic method is to be validated in various modifications ("adhesive" methods.
To prevent gastrointestinal diseases, it is necessary to wean children bite, suck and lick their fingers.Nails should be cut briefly and follow their purity.It is necessary to place the room frequently with wet cleaning and ventilation.Pour the chair, floor toilet and nighttime pot into boiling water.
Main treatment methods
- Pumpkin seeds
- Male fern extract, pumpkin seeds, diclofen
- Walnut
- St. John's wort has been perforated
- Devyasil is very high
- 1 teaspoon dried rhizomes with carapace and stick to 8 hours in 1 cup of cooled boiling water.Take 1/4 cup 4 times a day 20 minutes before meals.
- Boil 20 g of rhizomes with roots in 1 cup of water, persist for 4 hours, strain.Take 1 tablespoon.l.3-4 times a day 20 minutes before meals.
- carrot
- Grind several root crops or through granulation grinder; squeeze juice.Season fresh juice before mixing with honey or sugar.Take 1 tablespoon.l.Take an empty stomach twice a day on a morning and once before meals 1-1.5 hours a night.
- 3 tablespoons.l.Cook the ground carrots in 1 cup of milk.Take 1 tablespoon carrot pulp.l.3-4 times a day before meals.
- sage
- Tansey
- Mary is backward
- Birch is wart
- 1 teaspoon birch buds stick for 1 hour in 1/2 cup boiling water and strain.The infusion is divided into 3 parts.Drink the entire portion of 3 doses a day.
- Cook 5 grams of birch buds in 1 cup of water for 15 minutes, persist for 1 hour, strain.Take 15-20 drops of water 2-3 times a day.
- daisy
- Dandelion medicine
- 1 teaspoon of dandelion roots and herbs are infused in 1 cup of boiling water for 1 hour.Take 1/4 cup 4 times a day 1/2 hour before meals.
- Dandelion root powder (place dose on the tip of the knife), use water 3 times a day 1/2 hour before meals.
- Mistletoe
- 1 teaspoon stick to stuff Omela into 1 cup of cold boiling water.Take 1/3 cup 3 times a day.
- Cook 30 grams in 1 liter of water.Take 1/2 cup 3 times a day.
- Walnut hazelnut
- Garlic seeds
- Siberian Larch
- Male Fern
- Timyan Ordinary (Garden Thyme)
- pumpkin
- Pomegranate
Mechanism of action: Change the parasite's motor activities, resulting in the first relaxation and then relaxation.Meanwhile, the worms are driven out due to the retreat wave.
Methods of application and dosage
in.They are mainly used for the contraindications of using male fern extracts.Two days before treatment, clean enemas were prescribed every morning and salt laxatives were given on the eve of the evening.On the day of treatment, they would place an enema regardless of the chair's presence.
Methods of application and dosage
Internal, 0.25-0.5 g for children, 1.0-1.5 g for adults; once a day.5-7 daily treatment courses are performed 7 days apart.One month later, anti-seven-day treatment was stipulated.
Application method
3 teaspoons.Keep dry leaves in 2 cups of boiling water for 20-30 minutes.Drink warm in a few tips such as tea.
Application method
10 grams of dried St. John's wheatgrass brewed in 1 cup of boiling water, stick to it.Take 1 tablespoon 2-4 times a day after meals.
Application method
Application method
In medical practice, dry insect inflorescences are used.They were ground with mortar and ingested with sugar, jam, honey, 5 g of "Citvar Seed" (adult) 3 times 1.5-2 hours ago 2 days; after the last reception in the evening, laxatives were prescribed.
Side phenomena of overdose: vomiting, diarrhea, cramps, respiratory compression and heart activity.
Basically, it is used in adults rather than children due to toxicity.These centers and essential oils have deworming effects on nematodes and are particularly effective for equatorial disease and assistiveness.To do this, dried flowers can be taken in powder form in the form of infusion (1:10) and from the top extract in powder form.and 1 tablespoon.l.3 times a day (with equatorial disease and enterovirus).
Application method
1 teaspoon Mary anti-glass dry top as well as fruit, stick to 2 cups of boiling water, strain.Take 1 tablespoon.l.3 times a day 20 minutes before meals.
Kidney soup has a deworming effect in round worms.
Application method
Decoction is used to excrete small worms.
Application method
2 teaspoons.Stick to Niva flower basket with Niva flower basket in 1 cup boiling water, strains.Take 1 tablespoon.l.3-4 times a day.Use more powerful infusion washes and lotions.
All parts of the plant have a deworming effect.
Application method
The omel has a deworming (round worm) action.
Application method
Walnut oil is used as an insect repellent for Ascaride.
Warm garlic soup is used for deworming enema.Using PINWERS, slice the garlic onions into thin slices to kill the parasite.
Turpentine oil is obtained from larch.In folk medicine, turpentine is used as a therapy for tape worms.
Rhizomes have a very effective effect on ribbon worms.
Timore is obtained from essential oils from plants that act on tape worms that paralyze the muscles.
Seeds purified with gray-green skin, lost and mixed with water, consumed by curly worms (Tapeworm).
Application method
Pumpkin seeds on an empty stomach; dosage of adults -150-200 g, and -50-100 g for children.
The prescription for adults is 500 grams of unground seeds, 300.0 g for 10-year-old children, 200.0 g for 5-7 years, up to 100-150.0.0.0 g for 5 years.
The consistent purpose of pumpkin seeds in the conventional dose and fern extracts in small doses (2.5-3.0 g for adults, children according to age) increases the effectiveness of the treatment.Fern extract One hour after taking pumpkin seeds, then taking fern extracts, giving laxatives.
The roots of the grenade and the bark of the branches have a strong paralysis effect on the tape worms.
Application method
1 teaspoon boiling fruit or pomegranate flowers in 1 cup water with hair loss perishable (Peel), persist for 2 hours, strain.Take 1 tablespoon.l.3 times a day before meals.
It is necessary to start treatment as soon as possible.